Port Kennedy Cave (Pleistocene of the United States)
Where: Montgomery County, Pennsylvania (40.2° N, 75.3° W: paleocoordinates 40.2° N, 75.1° W)
• coordinate based on political unit
When: Irvingtonian (1.8 - 0.3 Ma)
Environment/lithology: cave; lithology not reported
Size class: macrofossils
Primary reference: J. W. Gidley and C. L. Gazin. 1938. The Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from Cumberland Cave, Maryland. United States National Museum Bulletin 171:1-99 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]more details
Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis
PaleoDB collection 20479: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by Jered Karr, Jonathan Marcot, Terri Cleary, Evangelos Vlachos and Matthew Clapham
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
• new list of Daeschler 1996 is based on Gidley and Gazin and contains numerous errors and omissions
"? Myotis sp.": a bat; omitted by Daeschler 1996
"Vulpes latidentatus" is omitted by Daeschler 1996 and not discussed by Kurten and Anderson 1980 or other sources
"Sciurus calycinus" is omitted by Kurten and Anderson 1980
not clear what "Teleopternus orientalis" and "Odocoileus laevicornis" are; former is listed by Daeschler 1996
"Bison sp." is not present: Kurten and Anderson 1980
"? Myotis sp.": a bat; omitted by Daeschler 1996
"Vulpes latidentatus" is omitted by Daeschler 1996 and not discussed by Kurten and Anderson 1980 or other sources
"Sciurus calycinus" is omitted by Kurten and Anderson 1980
not clear what "Teleopternus orientalis" and "Odocoileus laevicornis" are; former is listed by Daeschler 1996
"Bison sp." is not present: Kurten and Anderson 1980
Show authors, comments, and common names
| Insecta | |
"Cychrus wheatleyi n. sp." = Scaphinotus wheatleyi7, "Cychrus minor n. sp." = Scaphinotus minor7, Cymindis aurora n. sp.7, ? Pterostichus sp.7, Pterostichus laevigatus n. sp.11, Dicaelus sp.7, Dicaelus alutaceus n. sp.7, Chlaenius punctulatus n. sp.7
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| Reptilia | |
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Natrix sp.6 Laurenti 1768 water snake Provisionally placed here. "Wheatley in 1871 reported Tropodonotus (Natrix) as being present in the Port Kennedy Cave fauna in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. These specimens have now been lost. No mention of this genus was made by Cope in his subsequent papers discussing this fauna so that the presence of this genus in this fauna and in the fossil record rests entirely upon the evidence of Wheatley’s statement."
Coluber sp.6 Linnaeus 1758 racer "In 1871 Wheatley published a short paper reviewing briefly the fauna of the Port Kennedy Cave in which he listed two species of Coluber. No mention was made of the character of the material on which the identifications were based. It is presumed that one of the specimens so listed was later described as Coluber acuminatus by Cope, but the other insofar as the author can find, was not afterward mentioned in the literature. Since the specimen is apparently lost, the authenticity of the determination by Wheatley will always remain in doubt."
Coluber acuminatus n. sp.6 Cope 1899 racer (Type lost, no number), fractured skull and 25 anterior thoracic vertebrae
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"Geochelone percrassa n. sp." = Clemmys percrassus10
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Emydoidea blandingii10, "Toxaspis anguillulatus n. sp." = Terrapene eurypygia4, Terrapene carolina10, "Clemmys insculpta" = Glyptemys insculpta10
"Toxaspis anguillulatus n. sp." = Terrapene eurypygia4 Cope 1870 box turtle ANSP 155 (holotype), a partial carapace (Cope 1899, pl. 14.1; Hay 1908, fig. 469).
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| Mammalia | |
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Sylvilagus floridanus Allen 1890 eastern cottontail | |
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Arvicolinae indet.8, "Anaptogonia cloacina n. sp." = Ondatra idahoensis3, "Anaptogonia hiatidens n. sp." = Ondatra idahoensis, Peromyscus ? leucopus, "Microtus diluvianus n. sp." = Neofiber diluvianus3
"Anaptogonia hiatidens n. sp." = Ondatra idahoensis Wilson 1933 muskrat | |
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Castor canadensis Kuhl 1820 American beaver | |
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Erethizon ? dorsatum Linnaeus 1758 North American porcupine includes type of "E. cloacinum" referred to "Coendou sp." by White 1970: Frazier 1981
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Mylohyus fossilis Leidy 1860 peccary includes "M. pennsylvanicus" and "Platygonus tetragonus"; "M. nasutus" is listed by Daeschler 1993, 1996
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Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann 1780 white-tailed deer | |
Teleopternus orientalis n. gen. n. sp.4
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"Tapirus haysii" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) haysii
"Tapirus haysii" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) haysii Leidy 1860 tapir includes type of "T. copei": see Ray and Sanders 1984
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Equus pectinatus Cope 1901 horse | |
Crocuta inexpectatus n. sp.2
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"Smilodontopsis gracilis n. sp." = Smilodon gracilis, "Uncia mercerii n. sp." = Smilodon gracilis2, Panthera onca12, Lynx calcaratus n. sp.
"Smilodontopsis gracilis n. sp." = Smilodon gracilis Cope 1880 saber-toothed cat
Lynx calcaratus n. sp. lynx | |
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Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber 1775 gray fox | |
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Taxidea taxus Schreber 1778 American badger
"Martes diluviana" = Pekania diluviana Cope 1889 mustelid carnivore | |
"Osmotherium spelaeum" = Osmotherium spelaeum, "Pelycictis lobulatus n. gen. n. sp." = Osmotherium spelaeum3, "Mephitis orthostichus n. sp." = Osmotherium spelaeum3, "Mephitis fossidens n. sp." = Osmotherium spelaeum3, Brachyprotoma obtusata n. sp.
"Osmotherium spelaeum" = Osmotherium spelaeum Cope 1896 skunk includes types of "Pelycictis lobulatus" and three other Cope species; "? Mephitis nigra" is of dubious provenance: Hall 1936
Brachyprotoma obtusata n. sp. Cope 1899 short-faced skunk | |
"Euarctos americanus" = Ursus americanus, "Arctodus haplodon n. sp." = Arctodus pristinus, "Ursus haplodon n. sp." = Arctodus pristinus3
"Euarctos americanus" = Ursus americanus Pallas 1780 black bear
"Arctodus haplodon n. sp." = Arctodus pristinus Leidy 1854 bear | |
Blarina simplicidens n. sp.
Blarina simplicidens n. sp. Cope 1899 American short-tailed shrew | |
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Mammut americanum Kerr 1792 American mastodon | |